考研英语语法难点精析（三）

语法难点精析之五：含义因有无冠词而迥异的短语

at play 在玩

at the play 在看戏

behind time 迟到

behind the times 落在时代后

by day 在白天

by the day 按日计算

by sea 乘船

by the sea 在海边

in front of 在...(外面的)前面

in the front of 在...(内部的前面)

in charge of 看护,负责

in the charge of 由...看护,由...负责

in secret 秘密地(作状语)

in the secret 知道内情(作表语)

in course of 在...过程中(作表语\后置定语)

in the course of 在...期间(作状语)

in red 穿着红衣服

in the red 负债,赤字

of age 成年

of an age (岁数)同年

on fire 着火

on the fire 在考虑中

on occasion 不时地;必要时

on the occasion 在那时

out of question 毫无疑问

out of the question 不可能

to death 十分

to the death 到最后

five of us 我们中的五人(部分)

the five of us 我们五个人(全部)

a yellow and white cat 一只黄白相间的猫

a yellow and a white cat 一只黄猫和一只白猫

in a faimly way 象一家人一样

in the family way 怀孕

die of cold 冻死

die of a cold 感冒而死

have words with 与...争吵

have a word with 与...略谈

keep house 管理家务

keep the house 守在家里

take rest 就寝

take a reat 休息一下

take place 发生

take the place of 代替
语法难点精析之六：用to do还是of doing作后置定语

不同的名词,对这两种后置定语的选择是有区别的,有的只能用to do,有的只可用of doing,有的两种都可以.现分述如下:

⑴will, willingness, suggestion, conclusion, decision, permission, agreement, refusal, determination, proposal, resolution等,一般用不定式作后置定语.

如:

Mary has the will to win the first prize.(不用of winning)

玛丽有获得一等奖的决心.

He has drawn a conclusion to go abroad with his family.(不用of winning)

他已作出了携家去国外的决定.

⑵hope, risk, possibility, impossibility, probability, intention, prospect, responsiblility, aim等,一般只能用of doing作后置定语.

如:

In fact,tere is no hope of their winning the game.

事实上,他们没有希望赢得这场比赛.(不能说for them to win)

He will run the risk of losing his life to save the child.

他将冒生命危险去救那个孩子.

⑶way, chance, need, necessity, right, freedom, power, opportunity,ability等,既可用不定式短语,又可用of doing短语作后置定语.

如:

Their chance to go(of ging) abroad was lost.

他们失去了出国的机会.

He has the right to do (of doing) that.

他有权那样做.